Advertisement Against Racism And Anti Semitism - 1113 Words

I am going to analyse two advertisement about the same topic and from the same association. There are not advertisements who have the goal to sell a product, but advertisement against racism. These two advertisements have been created by a famous association in France called LICRA, â€Å"Ligue Internationale Contre le Racisme et l’Antisà ©mitismeâ€Å", which means â€Å"International League Against Racism and Anti-Semitism.â€Å" The LICRA is one of the oldest anti-racism associations in the world. Inherited from a humanist tradition, apolitical and secular, it is at the forefront in all combats against hatred. This association was created in 1926. Since, there has been a lot of publicity spots against racism. These publicities talk about the color of the†¦show more content†¦In the top left, you can find the LICRA slogan: Your skin color shouldn’t dictate your futureâ€Å". The second advertisement shows three boys baby, each in incubator. The middle baby is black and the other two are white. The black baby wears a yellow worker s helmet, a dirty’s white tank top, a dirty jeans and brown shoes. He has his hands on his chest and looks at the camera that took this picture, he looks at us. The other two babies do not look at us. They both wear just one layer, like normal babies. The left baby has a toy at the top right of her head and a teddy bear beside her feet. We find the same slogan in the top left: â€Å"Your skin color shouldn’t dictate your futureâ€Å". There is no product to sell here : it is an advertisement to stop racism. To do this, they use a direct message and a shocking picture. Indeed, in the two photos we see a non-white baby in the middle that seems unhappy, dressed in a worker s clothes that does not make a lot of money and does not require much study. Indeed, the maids and the workers are generally people who do not have a great level of study. The audience target is probably primarily the institutions, namely the school system. Indeed, this publicity aims to ask schools, colleges, high schools and universities to help people of color and not to push them aside. Perhaps the majority of people of color in France come from poorer backgrounds and therefore have less access to universities and famous schools. The school system mustShow MoreRelatedRacism1144 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s society, racism is generally less of an issue than in the past. However, there are still some who believe otherwise. Just because a person is ‘black’ it does not mean they should be treated as a different person. Everyone should be treated equally no matter what their background is. Joe Bloe reports†¦ An incredible number of children grow up being heavily influenced by the previously decided values and beliefs of their individual families. Whether it is their sexual preference, forthcomingRead MoreWhat An Interesting Mustache, Mr. Trump 984 Words   |  4 Pagespersonally while Muslims took the hit, with hate crimes still five times higher than pre-9/11 some fifteen years later (Washingtonpost.com). Islamophobia is so common that presidential candidates not only win supporters, but whole states with their racism and islamophobia. The fact of the matter is: Muslims in the western world are being dehumanized scarily like Jewish people were before the Holocaust. To begin to understand this topic, you must first understand some things about pre-Holocaust GermanyRead MoreSummary: the World at the Beginning of the 20th Century (Stage 6 Modern History)2218 Words   |  9 Pagesbourgeoisie * Sectarianism * The view that on religious belief has superiority over others that are perceived as being inferior to it * Christian’s religions had a centuries-old hostility towards Jewish peoples. * Anti-Semitic = an attitude of prejudice against Jews * Within Christian religions, rivalry and even hostility between Catholics and Protestants also provided evidence of sectarianism. * L’Affaire Dreyfus case divided French society for many years and ultimately ledRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagessocioeconomic shifts that represented watershed transformations in where humans lived, how they earned their livings, and their unprecedented ability to move about the globe. Moya and McKeown set the patterns of migration in the twentieth century against those extending back millennia, and they compare in imaginative ways the similarities and differences among diverse flows in different geographical areas and across ethnic communities and social strata. They consider not only the nature, volumeRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages............................................................ 220 Exercises .......................................................................................................................................... 220 CHAPTER 7 Defending Against Deception ............................................................................. 226 Deception Is All Around Us ............................................................................................................. 227 Exaggeration

The Sad Comedy of Really Bad Food Free Essays

Ms. Moskowitz wants to give her readers a sense of her perspective and her style as she begins this restaurant review. Her opening paragraph shows that she seems to have a casual, common-sense approach to her reviews unlike some stuffy, formal food critics. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sad Comedy of Really Bad Food or any similar topic only for you Order Now She also shows that her sense of humor will be a component of her reviews. 2. A good server is an essential component of an enjoyable dining experience. Good service stands out in the mind of the customer, and poor service stands out even more. A good server should be conscientious, polite, friendly and knowledgeable. He should attend to his customers’ needs from the moment the customer is seated. He should never exude an air of pretentiousness or aloofness. He should know the menu thoroughly from cover to cover and he should have several recommendations for specialties of the house. He should visit his tables regularly without ever hinting that the customers need to rush through their meals. If the restaurant has a wine menu, he should know the wines well at all price points. In short, he should take pride in his job and treat his customers with respectful, attentive and friendly service. Service sometimes breaks down when management is not supervising the staff satisfactorily. Also, some servers exhibit an unhelpful, casual attitude about their work. Managers should heed the complaints of customers who receive substandard service and either discipline of fire bad servers. A good restaurant with good food cannot thrive with a poor service staff. 3. A restaurant customer is within her rights to send poor food back to the kitchen, and it is advisable for the restaurant to satisfy the customer at the expense of preparing her food again. One instance of poor food quality will cause many customers to cease their visits to that restaurant. Moskowitz may have decided to not send back numerous bad dishes because she thought that the chefs were invariably lacking and incapable of correcting their errors. I would not hesitate to send back food that was clearly prepared improperly. For example, if I requested a medium-rare steak and it arrived as well-done, I would send it back with no regrets whatsoever. 4. Ms Moskowitz displays fairness when she lauds the otherwise poor restaurant’s quality offerings. By complimenting their desserts and wines, she proves that she is open-minded, even eager to find any possible positives that might appeal to her readers. Her praise in the midst of many criticisms shows her sense of balance and fair play for the restaurants she reviews. 5. Ms. Moskowitz’s tone in this review is matter-of-fact, casual, vivid and humorous. She does not hesitate to vividly describe the poor service and the poor food. Yet, ironically, she seems to laugh off her mostly inferior, unsatisfying dining experience. She writes in a casual, almost colloquial tone with frequent injections of humor. This tone, in light of the poor dining experience that she endured, is fitting because it gives the reader a reason to read the entire review despite its many negative comments. Marrakech 1. This navvy, or workman, is referred to as â€Å"an employee of the Municipality† because he is so oppressed by his plight that he is incredulous that a man could be casually feeding bread to a gazelle while he and his brethren are perpetually poor and starving. Orwell paints such underprivileged people as helpless, even sub-human, and his pessimistic views of individual opportunity are depressing throughout this short story. 2. The average tourist in Marrakech is probably going to be busy and preoccupied with meeting an itinerary. As such, this average observer may not notice the plight of the native citizens. Orwell, with his dark, bleak outlook, searches for and finds victims everywhere he looks. He regularly assumes that the native working people are hapless and helpless to escape their seemingly dire circumstances. Orwell even notes that it took him some time there to begin to start noticing the natives in all their wallowing misery. 3. The laborers in Marrakech are â€Å"partly invisible† because they are dark-skinned and tend to blend into the landscape. Tourists and observers there are much more likely to notice the natural scenery than the native workers. Orwell invariably paints these natives as helpless victims and their â€Å"invisibility† adds to that bleak assessment. In the United States, a land of undeniable opportunity, he would probably also paint menial laborers as invisible and pitiful. To the contrary, ordinary, hard-working citizens are the fabric and driving force behind America and its exceptional history of success. Orwell would be in a difficult position if he tried to paint ordinary American citizens as poor victims who have little chance for success and happiness. 4. Orwell’s Marrakech is saturated with political messages. Chief among them is the supposed victimhood of average, working people. His bleak, pessimistic portrayal of their plight is depressing and debatable. His one-sided view does not mention the positive aspects of these natives’ lives. Despite living in very trying conditions, these natives must have some happiness and some opportunity to live, work and provide for their families. It is sad and unrealistic how Orwell seems to always paint ordinary people as helpless, joyless victims of their environment. 5. The storks and â€Å"great white birds† are metaphors for the ruling white class that has power over the helpless Negro soldiers and slaves. The whites are going in a safe direction while the hapless Negros are forced to sacrifice and go in the other direction. His blanket view of white prejudice towards blacks is insulting and demeaning to honorable people who judge others based on their character and their actions. Orwell cannot help himself as he belabors the dubious point of minority victimhood and helplessness. 6. The five sections in Orwell’s short story are somewhat incongruent, but are not difficult to follow. Invariably, the images of human nature and the strength of the human spirit are stifled and skewed by Orwell’s jaded, dark and pessimistic views. Evidently, he needed to visit and observe some people who had joy and happiness as part of their lives before he deemed most people as oppressed. How to cite The Sad Comedy of Really Bad Food, Papers

Will Form Romantic Relationships with Robotsâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Humans Will Form Romantic Relationships With Robots? Answer: Intoducation The IT ethics refers to the ethical considerations regarding the impact of technology on the society. The IT ethics is a part of ethical philosophy which provides guidelines regarding the professional and ethical conduct. With the advent of computers and internet, several ethical issues regarding the security and privacy have emerged (Sher, 2012). The IT ethics try to address these issues. Recently, the area of Artificial intelligence has emerged. Robots have become an integral part of the daily lives and commonly used in various daily life chores. With the deep intrusion of the robots in the daily lives of the people, the notion of forming romantic relationships with them has emerged. It is also supported by creation of various films like Ex Machina. A recent study by IEEE stated that most women will prefer to form romantic relationship with robots rather than men by 202vit5 and by 2050, most of the people will prefer to enter into a relationship with a robot. Recently, a large numb er of robots have been developed with the focus of providing companionship to the humans (Rozenfeld, 2016). However, using robots for sexual purposes is an ethical issue when the humans are having relationship with someone else. Another ethical issue in forming relationships with humans is that the robots can never love back a human being. In this regard, the present essay will analyze the ethical issue of forming romantic relationships with robots in the light of major ethical theories. The notion of finding romantic companionship with robots is attractive as everyone can find long-lasting love with the perfect companion. The humans can program robot according to their nature. Therefore, the robots will be programmed to love, to never nag, respond positively, responsive to companions moods and act as a perfect partner. According to utilitarian theory, the morality of an action should be judged according to its consequences. It states that the criteria to judge an action should be based on its consequences on the society and the major stakeholders. The utilitarian theory states that all the actions are correct which have better outcomes for the society (Mill, 2006). When the utilitarian theory is applied to the present case, it can be stated that the robot-human relationships will have a negative impact on the society. Although a large number of humans form attachment to materialistic things such as cars, the human beings need to have romantic relationships with the humans. Although with the recent development in technology, the intelligence of the robots has drastically increased and they are able to identify human emotions and respond to them, they will not be able to form emotional bond as they do not have a soul. Moreover, a human being forming sexual relationship with a robot will be categorized as infidelity if he is already in a relationship or married (Robertson, 2014). The deontological theory of ethics states that a person should always follow ethical set of rules. The morality of an action should be judged according to its adherence to the societal rules and norms. According to the deontological ethics, the morality of an action can be judged according to its adherence to the specific rules or norms. In deontological ethics, the morality of an action is judged according to the adherence of that action with the norms followed by an individual. If an individual is following a different morality framework, his action cannot be judged. Moreover, the ethical norms should be developed according to reason rather that the experience. According to deontological ethical, the development of either platonic or sexual relationship with robots is significantly wrong (Barrow, 2015). The human are social creatures; however, they should only form relationship with other humans as the machines are not able to reciprocate the same feelings. Forming relationships wi th robots is only disillusioning. Moreover, it will also increase the instances of the infidelity in the human beings and emotional issues between the couples in relationships. It will also increase the criminal sexual urges as pedophiles may use robot instances which will increase the incidence of abusing real children (Choi, 2007). Virtue ethics is another major ethical philosophy which states that the morality of an action could be judged according to the upbringing and the character of an individual. The virtue ethics is essential for ethical behavior of the human beings. It states that the ethical behavior of a person is dependent upon his character rather than adherence to certain rules (Timmons, 2012). With the advent of the computers or internet, certain ethical issues have arisen. In the beginning, the ethical issues were limited to the privacy and security of the internet users; however, with the development of the artificial intelligence the machines are following similar functions as that of human beings. The robots have intruded deeply into the lives of the people and they are forming deep emotional connection with them. However, it is ethical to promote this kind of relationship as the machines cannot love us back. The formation of such relationships will not be as fulfilling as the human relationsh ips. Moreover, if a large number of people will form relationship with robots, it will also decrease the birth rate in the country. Therefore, the promotion of robot-human relationship is ethically wrong (Lin, 2016). When the prospect of the human-robot relationship is analyzed by the social contract theory framework, it comes out as morally ethical action. According to this theory, the human beings form relationship with the members of the society in which they live. According to this theory, the people should contract with the members of society and act according to it (Hinman, 2012). When examining the prospect of the robot-human relationship with the lens of this theory, it could be critiqued that the human relationship is important part of the society. The human beings remain connected with each other due to different relationships formed with people. When the robots intrude in the human relationships, it will change the nature of the human relationships and their relationships with other members of the society (Welsh, 2015). The contractual ethical theory is different from other ethical theories as it states that a person seeks the justification with the other members of the society regardi ng the morality of actions. For instance, a child born and brought up in the family of thieves will not consider it as a wrong action. So, forming relationships with the robots can be considered as an individual choice of the people. The evaluation of the prospect of the relationship between robots and the human beings with the lens of different ethical theories, it can be states that it raises several ethical issues. Although, it provides the opportunity to the humans to find their soul mates who have the preferential behavior and characteristic. It raises several ethical issues. It will not be good for the society, as the relationships thus formed will not be as fulfilling as the robots are not able to love back the human beings. It can also increases the instances of criminal sexual urges References Barrow, R. (2015). Utilitarianism: A Contemporary Statement. Routledge. Choi, C.Q. (2007). Forecast: Sex and Marriage with Robots by 2050. Live Science. Retrieved 11 May 2017 from https://www.livescience.com/1951-forecast-sex-marriage-robots-2050.html Hinman, L.M. (2012). Ethics: A Pluralistic Approach to Moral Theory. Cengage Learning. Lin, P. (2016). Relationships with Robots: Good or Bad for Humans? Forbes. Retrieved 11 May 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/patricklin/2016/02/01/relationships-with-robots-good-or-bad-for-humans/#30e281a37adc Mill, J.S. (2006). Utilitarianism. ReadHowYouWant.com. Robertson, E. (2014). What are the ethics of human-robot relationships? The Guardian. Retrieved 11 May 2017 from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jan/27/what-are-the-ethics-of-human-robot-relationships Rozenfeld, M. (2016). In the Future, Humans Will Form Romantic Relationships With Robots. The IEEE Source. Retrieved 11 May 2017 from https://theinstitute.ieee.org/ieee-roundup/members/achievements/in-the-future-humans-will-form-romantic-relationships-with-robots Sher, G. (2012).Ethics: Essential Readings in Moral Theory. Routledge. Timmons, M. (2012). Moral Theory: An Introduction. Rowman Littlefield Publishers. Welsh, S. (2015). What Exactly Are The Ethics of Robot Love? Science Alert. Retrieved 11 May 2017 from https://www.sciencealert.com/deus-sex-machina-the-ethics-of-robot-love

Vegetarian VS Meat

Introduction Food is the most basic need of man and all people have to eat in order to live. Obtaining something to eat is therefore an integral activity of the human experience. Naturally, human beings can live on meat and vegetables since they are omnivores. Eating meat and vegetables provides the required nutrition for a healthy body.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Vegetarian VS Meat-Eating specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it is possible to obtain all the required nutrition from a diet that does not consist of animal or fish flesh. People who abstain from eating animal or fish flesh are known as vegetarians and they practice vegetarianism. On the other hand, people who supplement their vegetable diet with meat products are called meat-eaters.  Majority of the human beings on earth are meat-eaters. In the past few decades, there has been a move towards the promotion of vegetarianism. This m ove has been prompted by the alleged benefits of a vegetarian diet. This paper will set out to argue that being a vegetarian is more beneficial for the individual and the environment and as such, more people should adopt this practice. To reinforce this claim, the paper will highlight the many advantages attributed to vegetarianism and contrast them with the negative effects of meat eating. A Case for Vegetarianism Adopting a vegetarian diet will help a person avoid some diseases caused or promoted by meat consumption. Diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and heart disease can be caused or exacerbated by meat consumption. Researchers reveal that while genetic factors contribute to the contraction of these diseases, the dietary habits of a person increase or decrease an individual’s risk of developing the diseases (Hart 64). People who eat mean are more likely to develop obesity and heart disease than those who practice vegetarianism. In addition to this, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables improves the body’s blood circulation and actively prevents cardiac diseases. Vegetarians are therefore less likely to suffer from heart diseases compared to meat eaters. Practicing a meat-free diet will therefore improve the health outcomes of the individual. A vegetarian diet offers protection from the numerous public health risks associated with meat eating. Meat consumption exposes a person to many risks due to the diseases and medication offered to animals. Modern food manufacturing undermines the healthiness of meat. Unlike in the past where livestock was reared in a natural manner, farmers today engage in the indiscriminate use of antibiotics and food supplements to their farm animals. Henning explains that farmers engage in this practice in x order to reduce the susceptibility of their animals to diseases and promote growth (1086). While these practices achieve these desirable results, they do so at a major cost to meat eaters. Consuming the meat of ani mals that have been pumped full of antibiotics increases antibiotic-resistant human bacterial illnesses therefore creating a significant public health threat.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A person can avoid these risks associated with meat consumption by becoming a vegetarian.  A vegetarian diet is associated with greater longevity. Studies indicate that a meat-free diet significantly decreases the risk of death leading to longer life for the individual who practices vegetarianism. This relationship between vegetarianism and long life is due to a number of reasons. Singh and Sabate highlight that a vegetarian diet assists in the maintenance of a healthy weight and this contributes to long life by preventing the person from developing lifestyle diseases that lead to early deaths (265). A vegetarian diet also keeps a person safe from the many toxic components presen t in meat products. Singh and Sabate warn that animals reared for meat ingest large quantities of commercial feedlot additives (266). In addition to this, the meat contains saturated fat and consuming this is a risk factor for fatal diseases. Meat eaters are therefore likely to die earlier due to complications caused by their dietary practices.  A vegetarian diet can help mitigate the adverse environmental impacts caused by meat eating. Meat consumption in the world has increased exponentially in the last 6 decades. Due to the improved economic wellbeing of most people, the demand for meat has grown in countries all over the world. Animal product producers have therefore increased their scale of production in order to satisfy this demand. The environment has been significantly affected as cattle ranches have expanded. Henning illustrates that cattle ranching has led to widespread deforestation and it has contributed to â€Å"soil erosion, degradation of stream habitat, and desert ification† (1087). Animal production has also contributed to the unsustainable use of water resources. Huge water reserves have to be dedicated to animal production leading to the depletion of water resources. In addition to this, animals produce vast amounts of waste and in most cases, this effluent is allowed to leak into the environment thus polluting water reservoirs and degrading the environment. A vegetarian diet would ensure that this negative environmental impacts attributed to animal production are alleviated. A vegetarian diet can help increase the global food security. At the moment, the food production is able to satisfy the food demands of the human population. However, the high rate of population increase is raising concerns about the ability of the Earth to produce enough food for the entire human population. Because of meat consumption, high pressure is being put on the global food supply (McCarthy 122). Meat production requires large areas of land to be dedica ted to livestock rearing. This puts a strain on the limited land resources of the world. A lot of water is also needed to sustain the high level of meat production required by the modern world. Animals reared for food also consume products that can be eaten by human beings. Brown reveals that farm animals consume more cereal products that human beings do (28).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Vegetarian VS Meat-Eating specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If the current rate of meat-consumption is pursued, the world will not be able to produce enough food for everyone. A vegetarian diet is more sustainable since it does not over-stretch the available land and water resources. In addition to this, vegetarianism will lead to higher cereal production since farm animals will not be fed on cereals that can be used to feed people. This will promote sustainable production and consumption of food products leading to global food security.  A vegetarian diet is more cost-effective than meat eating. A person uses less money to maintain a vegetarian diet than to engage in a meat-based diet. Even through the cost of meat has reduced significantly over the decades, meat is still more expensive than non-meat products. Lusk and Norwood confirm that â€Å"it is significantly more expensive to produce a pound of meat (or milk) than a pound of commodity crops† (112). McCarthy documents that the low cost of meat can be attributed to heavy government subsidization to meat producers (132). The final cost of these subsidies is incurred by citizens through taxation. Vegetarianism also helps a person to save money by promoting health. The meat-eater is forced to incur recurring medical expenses due to the numerous health issues promoted by meat consumption. Meat eating also leads to income reduction as the productivity of the meat-eater is reduced due to illness. These negative economic impacts can be overcome by adopting a vegetarian diet. This diet will ensure that the harmful effects of meat eating on an individual’s health are avoided. Arguments Supporting Meat Eating Meat plays a role in social events as people in a group setting enjoy it. People are able to celebrate and develop relationships as they consume meat communally. This unique role of meat in social events occurs because meat fulfills a deeper role than just providing the necessary nutrition and satisfying hunger among human beings. Meat has traditionally held a central position in global food culture. Holm asserts that meat is â€Å"the most highly prices, the most sacred and powerful† food in many cultures (277). The cultural significance of meat makes it a special meal that plays a crucial role in interactions among people. There is no disputing the fact that meat holds a dominant position in our culture. However, culture is not static and it is constantly changing to suit the circumstances of the time. The modern society does not have to perpetuate the dietary patterns utilized in the past. People can therefore take action to override the dominant meat-eating culture.  Meat eating is a sign of affluence in many societies. While the price of meat has significantly reduced over the decades, it is still higher than the price of most vegetable products.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In a typical meal, meat produce are the minor component while the major components of the meal is vegetables. The association between mean-eating and prosperity results in meat being considered a food above all others. By consuming meat, humankind is able to demonstrate power and dominance over the rest of the natural world. Fiddes explains that historically, meat has always been the favored food of the wealthy and powerful elites in society (277). Meat therefore acts as a luxury good that human beings are motivated to acquire. While it is true that meat eating is seen as a sign of affluence, a vegetarian diet can also demonstrate affluence. In the western world, the vegetarian diet is mostly practiced by the well-educated and elite members of the society. On the other hand, meat is consumed by most people since it is widely available.  Meat plays an integral role in human development by providing some essential nutrients to the consumer. Singh and Sabate document that meat is the most important source of the essential proteins required by the human body (266). A study by a team of nutritional experts revealed that meat consumption ensures that a person gets the recommended level of essential minerals (EBLEX par. 3). Meat eating therefore ensures that the person’s immune system is boosted since essential minerals are acquired through the consumption of meat products. Critics of vegetarianism declare that meat is â€Å"an important source of high-quality protein and essential micronutrients† (EBLEX para. 4). Meat is a rich source of iron, key vitamins, and minerals such as potassium, selenium, and zinc, which contribute to long-term health. While meat is a rich source of essential minerals and vitamins, it also results in many adverse effects to the human body. Meat consumers are negatively predisposed to diseases such as diabetes and obesity. On the other hand, is a person obtains all the necessary minerals and vitamins from non-meat products, he/she will achieve overall health without the health risks associated with meat consumption. Conclusion This paper set out to argue that a vegetarian diet is preferable to meat eating. The paper began by defining vegetarianism and showing that this practice has gained prominence in the recent years. The paper then highlighted that vegetarianism can help prevent chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity and heart disease.  A vegetarian diet will also contribute to the reduction in the environmental damages caused by meat eating and increase global food security. The paper has also provided some of the arguments in support of meat eating. It has shown that meat eating has some social and cultural attachments and contributes to the developing of society.  Meat eating plays a role in social events and it is also associated with affluence. In addition to this, meat consumption contributes to overall health by providing the body with essential vitamins and minerals. In spite of thes e positive attributes of meat, the evidence presented in this paper suggests that meat eating is detrimental to the well being of the individual and the society. Considering the numerous merits associated with vegetarianism, all development-minded citizens should take steps to adopt a vegetarian diet and encourage the abolishment of the meat-eating culture. Works Cited Brown, Lester. â€Å"How to feed 8 billion people.† The Futurist 44.1 (2010): 28-33. EBLEX. ‘Seven ages’ study shows red meat benefits. Mar. 2013. Web. Fiddes, Nick. Social aspects of meat eating. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 53.1 (2001): 271-280. Hart, Jane. â€Å"The Health Benefits of a Vegetarian Diet.† Alternative and Complementary Therapies 15.2 (2009): 64-68. Henning, Brian. â€Å"Standing in Livestock’s ‘Long Shadow’ The Ethics of Eating Meat on a Small Planet.† Ethics The Environment 16.2 (2011): 1085-1133. Holm, Leo. â€Å"The role of meat in ev eryday food culture: an analysis of an interview study in Copenhagen.† Appetite 34.1 (2000): 277-283. Lusk, Jayson and Norwood Bailey. â€Å"Some Economic Benefits and Costs of Vegetarianism.† Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 38.2 (2009): 109–124. McCarthy, Kerry. Plant-Based Diets: A solution to our public health crisis. Washington: World Progressive Foundation, 2010. Print. Singh, Pramil and Sabate Joan. â€Å"Does low meat consumption increase life expectancy in humans?† Am J Clin Nutr 78.3 (2003): 265-325. This research paper on Vegetarian VS Meat-Eating was written and submitted by user Isabell Wilkinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Transformational Change Essay Example

Transformational Change Essay Example Transformational Change Paper Transformational Change Paper Transformational Change John Hulka EXP105: Personal Dimensions of Education Instructor Eva Ananiewicz December 12, 2010 Transformational Change When you experience a dramatic change in your life, such as a career change or going back to school you are faced with learning a whole different set of skills and often doing this requires you to unlearn the old skills that you were so used to doing, and by doing this new kind of learning and as you are completing these dramatic changes in your life, you are broadening your horizons, (so to speak) you are opening your mind and realizing that there is always something new to learn and new ways in which to learn them, this is called Transformational Change. We do this kind of change in what is called a â€Å"learning cycle† and it is done in four stages. The first stage of the learning cycle is recognizing a significant problem, ask yourself what is the problem? Think hard and analyze the problem and look for possible solutions, the second stage is to narrow them down to the most logical solution. What solution will work best for you. After that plan carefully just how and what you are going to do, then (this third stage is the most crucial and causes the most stress) review and refine until your sure that you have a good well thought out plan, then the fourth stage is to implement your plan; put it into action, following these stages will help you decide on the best solution to your problem. Remember, that nobody plans to fail, they fail to plan. Let me briefly explain how this works and how I used this in my personal life: I was ordered by my Doctor to stop working and go on disability; as I need a heart transplant and the process is quite long. I was faced with a decision to just sit a home doing nothing till I get (or even if I was to get) a new heart or do something positive in my life. I chose to do something positive. So I realized the problem, and had to look at possible solutions : 1. Just sit at home doing nothing and wait. 2. Find a job I could do and risk losing my disability. 3. Go back to school, learn another career that I could do in case I could not get a heart. I chose #3. It was the most practical choice for me, and as it turned out it was the best one for me (because of my diabetes, I was taken off the transplant list) I chose to go back to school to become a therapist, something I could do Non-physical and something I was very interested in doing. The next step was to find the right school that would have the best course of action to complete my degree. After careful research, I decided on Ashford University. I then put my plan into action; I called and enrolled, and I am in class now. This Transformational change will be challenging, being out of school for 20 years will take some dedication, a good support system, and an open mind to learning. Jack Mezirow (1991) conducted research on adults engaged in transformational change and identified â€Å"Seven phases† typically occurring in the challenging learning process: 1. Experiencing a disorienting dilemma 2. Self-examination 3. Critical assessment of assumptions 4. Recognizinging that others have gone through a similar process 5. Exploring a process 6. Formulating a plan of action . Reintegration Out of these â€Å"Seven Phases† I have experienced many of them in my personal life. (in which I described in above paragraph) below are those â€Å"Seven Phases† and how they worked in my life along with a brief example of each, they are the following: 1. Experiencing a disorienting dilemma: on disability and what to do for the future. 2. Self-examination: Disabled, what to do. 3. Critical assessmen t of assumptions: Deciding on options 4. Exploring a process: choosing to go to school, and which school to go to. 5. Recognizinging that others have gone through a similar process: knowing that it can be done. 6. Formulating a plan of action: Looking for the right school, and get enrolled. 7. Reintegration: This one I expect to be going through, getting use to a new way of life something very different than I was use to. I will need to keep my motivation and a good support system in place. References: *   (Ashford’s text book) Learning online and achieving lifelong goals

Example Sentences of the Verb Fly for ESL Learners

Example Sentences of the Verb Fly for ESL Learners Time flies when youre having fun, but memorizing irregular verb forms isnt always fun. This page provides example sentences of the verb fly in all tenses including active and passive forms, as well as conditional and modal forms. Once youve flown through the examples, test your knowledge with the quiz at the end. Examples of "Fly" for All Tenses Base Form fly / Past Simple flew / Past Participle flown / Gerund flying Present Simple I usually fly by Aeroflot. Present Simple Passive Aeroflot is flown by thousands of customers. Present Continuous We are flying to San Diego next week. Present Continuous Passive A 747 is being flown to New York. Present Perfect She has flown many times in her life. Present Perfect Passive A 777 has recently been flown to Chicago. Present Perfect Continuous We have been flying for more than five hours. Past Simple George flew to Miami last week. Past Simple Passive A small airplane was flown to the village. Past Continuous He was flying to Chicago when he telephoned his boss. Past Continuous Passive A small airplane was being flown to the village when I checked. Past Perfect They had just flown to London when they decided to return home immediately. Past Perfect Passive The new jet had been flown many times by the test pilot before it was approved. Past Perfect Continuous They had been flying for four hours when they landed. Future (will) Jack will fly to the meeting. Future (will) passive A small jet will be flown to the meeting. Future (going to) He is going to fly to Houston next week. Future (going to) passive A 777 is going to be flown to Chicago. Future Continuous This time next week we will be flying to Mexico. Future Perfect They will have flown to Toronto by the end of the day. Future Possibility She might fly to Rome. Real Conditional If she flies to Rome, she will stay at the Cosmo. Unreal Conditional If she flew to Rome, she would stay at the Cosmo. Past Unreal Conditional If she had flown to Rome, she would have stayed at the Cosmo. Present Modal Mark should fly to the meeting. Past Modal He must have flown to the meeting. Quiz: Conjugate with Fly Use the verb to fly to conjugate the following sentences. Quiz answers are below. In some cases, more than one answer may be correct. A small airplane _____ to the village last week.We _____ to San Diego next week.We _____ for more than five hours.The new jet _____ many times by the test pilot before it was approved.A small jet _____ to the meeting.They _____ to Toronto by the end of the day.If she _____ to Rome, she will stay at the Cosmo.Jack _____ to the meeting.He _____ to Chicago when he telephoned his boss.George _____ to Miami last week. Quiz Answers fleware going to flyhave been flyingwill have been flownwill flywill have flownfliesis going to flywas flyingflew

Local Economic Development Project Case of Walsh Ranch Study

Local Economic Development Project of Walsh Ranch - Case Study Example The area designated for the mixed-use growth community in Fort Worth has also been merged into the Walsh ranch project (Walsh ranch). Development Vision The Walsh ranch aims to be the first planned mixed use growth community model; a balanced and planned community that will have an identity of its own, it will be the model community for others to follow with places of work, playing, shopping, praying, learning and recreation all incorporated into one community (LDR, HNTB 2). With its open and park space, the Walsh ranch will also contribute to and enhance the ecological features of land, water and air (Walsh ranch). Walsh ranch aims to be a technologically smart community with investment protection and enhancement for ensuring a flourishing economy for the community at large (Walsh ranch). History of Walsh Ranch A piece of land rich in natural beauty and known for the Walsh family name, Walsh ranch, a cattle ranch has been at the centre of ranching operations for the Howard Walsh fam ily for 60 years (LDR, HNTB 1). Mr. and Mrs. Walsh are known philanthropists in Fort Worth, with Walsh ranch now to be another example of their commitment and love of the community, traditions, and environment of Fort Worth (Walsh ranch). Purposes Served by the Walsh Ranch Mixed-use Community Walsh ranch will serve to strengthen the community by addressing the needs of the community and the people; it will aim at providing multiple sustainable solutions within one community (Walsh ranch). The project will focus at (Walsh ranch): Economic growth Expanding population needs Development of centres for multiple growth 1. Economic Growth Economic growth will be... This paper outlines numerous economic advantages of the realization of Walsh Ranch project. Benefits of sustainable economic development include innovative use of all possible resources, that leads to jobs increase, new income sources, and high rate of productivity for the people. For the ecology the benefits result from the promotion of use of clean and renewable energy. The economy benefits from all the above leading to growth in economy, which will improve the living standards, jobs, incomes and will provide opportunity to expand businesses The objectives that are attained or are to be met by such economic development are known as the four greens namely; savings, opportunities, talent, places Walsh Ranch is a master planned community that is aimed at achieving sustainable economic development. It is the largest planned community in north Texas; the ranch is located west of Fort Worth. Walsh ranch will retain most of the resources and natural features of the ranch by the use of native landscape treatments; the natural environment of the ranch will be retained to deliver a unique living experience. Walsh ranch will serve to strengthen the community by addressing the needs of the community and the people; it will aim at providing multiple sustainable solutions within one community The Walsh ranch with all its other utility provisions should also look into providing, medical facility, fire extinguishing facility and a library within the Walsh ranch area. Such initiatives will ensure the convenience and health of the community.

Critique Article - Math for the young child or any math critique Essay

Critique Article - Math for the young child or any math critique article that deals with children - Essay Example There is immense value to the content of the article as it summarizes the results of the four year long researches on developing  the  Ã¢â‚¬ËœBig  Math  for  Little Kids’ pre-kindergarten and kindergarten mathematics program. The authors present ‘Big  Math  for  Little Kids’ as the  product of their effort from 1998 to 2002, to develop â€Å"a research-based and developmentally appropriate early childhood mathematics program  for  all pre-kindergarten and kindergarten children.† (Balfanz, Robert. et al, 2003, p. 264). The program consists of an all-inclusive set of sequenced learning activities and the lesson units of this program includes numbers, shapes, patterns and logic, measurement, operations on numbers, and spatial relations. The program, as the authors claim, combines mathematics into the daily routines and other early learning areas of the children such as music, art, movement, reading, writing, and science. It also presents mathematical symbols and words in the most cautious and meaningful ways aiming at the children’s lighthearted but purposeful learning of Mathematics. In their article, the authors not only provide the theoretical and research based evidences to the effectiveness of the program, but more significantly the evidences of the practical success of the ‘Big  Math  for  Little Kids’ from their observed results. After introducing the program the ‘Big  Math  for  Little Kids’ in detail, the authors deal with its research base which includes psychological and educational research as well as the design principles. They maintain that every child is capable of learning mathematics at a  young  age based on their researches. According to the authors, it is important to provide the children with adult guidance along with opportunity for play and they also specify that low-income children should

Information Technology Coursework Essay Example for Free

Information Technology Coursework Essay Input The Keyboard The keyboard is essentially based on the standard QWERTY keyboard used by typists. The main differences are the additions made by computer manufacturers. The first thing to notice is that the keyboard has three main sections. The first section is the main QWERTY keyboard, which has three extra keys. The most important of these extra keys is usually marked ENTER or RETURN. The enter key is on the right side of the keyboard and is used to tell the computer that you have finished typing and wish either to move to a fresh empty line or that you want the computer to carry out the typed instruction. The other two additional keys are the ALT and the CONTROL keys (CTRL). These act in the same way as the shift key on the typewriter and so allow normal keys to have a number of different effects. The second part of the keyboard is the FUNCTION keys. There are always at least ten and sometimes twelve of these labelled F1 to F10 or F12, which are grouped together on the left of the keyboard or along the top of it. They are used by programs like word processors or spreadsheets to give instructions to the computer. They do not normally produce an effect on the screen but can do in some programs. The third part of the keyboard is the numeric key pad. This is situated on the right of the keyboard and serves two functions. Firstly, to move the cursor and secondly to type numbers into the computer. The keys on the keypad usually contain the numbers 0 to 9, the decimal point and the mathematical symbols. The key marked NUMLOCK is used to tell the computer if the pad is used to enter numbers (NUMLOCK ON) or to move the cursor (NUMLOCK OFF). Input The Mouse A mouse is a device, which can provide an alternative to the keyboard. The mouse itself has a small ball in its base which, when pulled across a smooth surface, moves a special cursor across the screen. This cursor can be used to draw or point and is especially effective in providing an easy to use interface for those who have difficulty with keyboards etc. Processing The Central Processing Unit Inside the microcomputer is a tiny silicon chip called the Central Processing Unit or CPU: this can be regarded as the brain of the entire system. With the help of the computers internal memory it executes the instructions in a program by performing simple logical operations at very high speeds typically an instruction will be performed in millionths of a second. The chip containing the Central Processing Unit or CPU is the place where the computer does its thinking. The CPU processes information by fetching a program instruction stored in the computers memory, executing the instruction and proceeding to the next step in the program. The CPU contains (1) a program counter that tells the CPU where it is in the program. (2) an instruction register that stores the current program instruction. (3) a control unit that decodes the contents of the instruction register. (4) data registers that store the small units of information the CPU is currently processing. (5) a memory address register that holds the address or memory location of the information in its data registers. (6) an Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) that actually performs each small step in the program, and (7) a status or flags register that reports on the work of the ALU. The size or power of a CPU is determined by the length of its registers: 8-bit processors work on information in 8- bit groups; 16-bit processors have registers that hold 16 bits and are twice as fast. 32-bit processors provide even more computing speed, and so on. Internal Memory RAM and ROM Because the central processing unit only works on small pieces of information at a time, the computer needs a way to store information while it is not being processed. Two kinds of silicon chips serve as the computers internal memory. Random Access Memory or RAM chips store information temporarily, and the computer can write, read, and erase information on them. RAM chips are erased every time the computer is turned off, so Read Only Memory or ROM chips act as the computers permanent memory: they store the instructions the CPU needs when you first turn it on. External Memory Disks and Disk Drives External memory devices like floppy disks, hard disks, and CD-ROMs store programs and data when the computer is turned off. When a disk is inserted into a disk drive, the computer can read information from it or write new information onto it. Only certain types of CD-ROM can have information written onto them. Output: The Printer Printers receive electrical codes from the computer and then print the corresponding letter or number on paper. The result is called hard copy. Plotters and some printers can even reproduce computer graphics on paper. Types of Printer Ink Jet Printers Ink jet printers work as their name suggests, by squirting jets of ink onto the paper through tiny nozzles. Ink-jets provide good quality output (on average 600 dots per inch) at reasonable speed and at relatively low cost. Laser Printers A laser printer is essentially a photocopier attached to the computer as an output device. Laser printers are capable of high quality output (around 720 dots per inch), at high speed. They can be bought from as little as around à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100. Output Monitors (Visual Display Units) Monitors (V.D.U.s) are the most frequently used output device. The display is transmitted from the computer to the surface of a cathode ray tube, which is rather like a television screen. Slim, flat screen monitors are also available. The display consists of very small phosphorescent dots combined in different patterns to form words, numbers, and pictures. Monitors vary in their resolution (clarity), more dots on the screen means a higher resolution but obviously costs more. The range of resolutions are CGA, EGA and the highest resolution VGA. Software Computer Programs A program is simply a set of instructions, which the programmer wishes the computer to obey. The computer blindly obeys any instruction which it is given it possess no abilities to determine whether an instruction (so long as it is framed correctly) is the correct instruction for any given situation. Programs tell the computer how to turn the input you provide into the output you want. A program is therefore a detailed set of instructions for performing a particular task. Because you cannot actually touch programs they have become known as software; this contrasts with the hardware of a computer system monitors, chips, printers etc. which you can touch! Software takes many forms the computer system itself is co-ordinated by a special resident program called an operating system (you can read more about this program below), programs to carry out specific tasks for the user are termed application programs. Stock control, word processing, payroll and accounting functions are typical areas, which are serviced by application programs. Input/output Media Mass Storage Floppy Disks A floppy disk is 3 1/2 inches square. Inside its protective case or sleeve, each floppy disc is a circle of flexible plastic whose surface is covered with magnetic oxide. When you use a disc for the first time, you must use a special program called an operating system to format the disks surface by creating circular tracks divided into pie-shaped sectors. A hole punched near the hub of the disk lets the computer know where the first sector is. A track on each disk stores a directory that tells the computer where to find what information. This means that it can go directly to the correct part of the disk instead of wading through all of its contents to find the information it wants. A typical floppy disk can store around 200 pages of typewritten text, depending on how tightly the information is packed. If pictures are stored on disk, they take up a lot of room. Care of Floppy Disks Information is stored on floppy disk by means of magnetism. The information stored on a disk can be lost if the magnetic surface of the disk is damaged. When handling a disk you must be careful not to bend it or touch the exposed portions. Moisture, extreme temperatures, and exposure to magnetic fields or equipment can also ruin disks. You should keep back-up copies of all important disks to insure that your data will not be lost if a disk is damaged. You can guard against the possibility of accidentally writing over and erasing important data and programs by moving the small write-protect notch on the side of the disk. When this notch is closed, a sensor inside the drive prevents the head from writing onto the disk. Hard Disks All modern PCs have hard disks, which can store vast amounts of information this varies depending upon their size. Although they operate on the same basic principles as floppies, hard disks spin many times more quickly allowing the read/write head to pass only fractions of an inch over the disks surface. Hard disks are hermetically sealed in special chambers to prevent dust particles from ruining the disks surface. Disk Drives: Read/Write Heads To use a disk, you place it into a disk drive so that the circular hole in the centre of the disk fits into a cone in the drive. This cone spins the disk allowing all of its sectors to come under a window cut into the sleeve. As the disk spins around, a read / write head moves back and forth over the exposed portion of the disk. The head works like the head on a tape recorder. It reads information on the disk by translating its magnetic fields into electrical signals that are sent to the computer; information is written onto the disk when the head converts the electrical signals from the computer into magnetic fields on the disks surface. Operating Systems A computer is really a system of interconnected parts: a keyboard or input device; internal memory (RAM and ROM); a processor; disks and disk drives; output devices like a monitor and a printer; and, of course, software. A special kind of program called an operating system controls the flow of information between these different components. One of its most important jobs is to enable your hardware to understand the instructions of your software. When you buy a computer, you must be sure that its design or architecture is compatible with the operating system for which the software you want is written. The operating system manages the files on your disks and offers utilities such as formatting blank disks, listing the directory of files on a disk, as well as copying, renaming, and deleting files. Sometimes operating systems are permanently installed, but if the operating system is pre-packaged on a disk, its contents must either be loaded separately into the computer or written onto ev ery disk used, during the formatting process. Windows 95 and Windows 98 are the most common operating systems used today. Modems and Networks With the help of a modem, your computer can link up and communicate with other computers all over the world. The modem translates the computers language of ons and offs into tones of different frequencies, which are then transmitted across telephone lines. At the receiving end the process is reversed: a modem converts tone variations back into the computers digital code. Computer networks are systems of computers linked together in this way: they are used to send and receive electronic mail, and to allow small personal computers access to the vast data libraries of larger computers, via the Internet. COMPUTER APPLICATIONS Application Packages These are programs that actually perform the tasks that the user wishes to be done. The tasks are usually so complicated that several programs are required and these are collectively called a suite of programs. Typical examples of applications are Stock Control, Databases, Order Processing, Word Processing, Airline Booking Systems, Spreadsheets, Viewdata Systems and Point of Sale Systems. Each package will now be discussed in turn, to give a general explanation of what they are, when they are used and for what purpose. Stock Control A stock control system keeps track of all the stock currently held by the company. The computer is informed through the till when each item is sold. It is then an easy matter to deduct the number sold from the current stock level to give a new stock level. If this level is below a re-order level which again is held by the computer, then the computer can automatically print a re-order letter to the supplier. The number of each item to be supplied is stored and when the supplier delivers, the number of items delivered is added to the amount in stock. Therefore the company, in theory, should never, through its own efforts, run out of any item of stock and should at all times know how much stock it has, in the warehouse, in storage at a retail outlet and on the shelves. Losses through theft are easily calculated through a manual shelf count, and corrective action to reduce losses can be implemented quickly. Database A database is a store of information made up of records. A record contains information relating to one person or one company and is made up of individual pieces of information called fields. For example, you may create your records having the following fields: company name, address, telephone number, credit limit, amount owed, payment due etc. When all the information has been entered the database may then be used by searching for particular information, called cross-referencing (e.g. to find out at the end of the month who the company owes money to and how much, in order to settle their accounts). New information can be fed in and the database is changed (updated) to include the new data, so that it is always up to date. Large databases are best used with static information (remains the same), with new records being added to the end. An example of this type is a Library with records on all the books in stock. The computer operated by the DVLA in Swansea (Driving Vehicle Licensing Authority) might be an example of a large database. Information relating to every motor vehicle in the U.K. is stored on computer and can be sorted or searched to find out, for example, who owns a particular car. Word Processing In word processing a computer behaves like a much enhanced form of typewriter. Facilities are provided for entering, manipulating, storing and retrieving blocks of text. This means that standard letters and lists of names and addresses can be generated separately and then letters to everyone on the list can be printed without retyping the document. The processor retrieves the letter and the first name and address, prints the letter, retrieves the next name and address, changes the information in the letter, prints the next letter and so on. Real-Time Systems An example of a real-time system is Airline Booking. This is a system which updates the data immediately it changes. All the terminals in all the booking offices are connected via a telephone line to a large computer in the head office of the company. This is so that information can be accessed immediately and be changed on confirmation of a booking immediately. For example, if you wanted to book a flight, you would feed details into the terminal about the flight, and back would come a message saying perhaps that only two seats remain on that flight. If you then take these seats by sending that information back, confirmation would take place and then no-one anywhere in the world would be able to book a seat on that particular flight (even if they tried to book only ten seconds after you). Spreadsheet A spreadsheet is a special application package, which allows the user to set up tables of information and add up rows and columns which make up the table. They are used mainly for displaying cash forecasts of companies, in the form of a table where all the figures are interconnected. Each intersection of a row and a column is called a cell. The cells are filled with figures and then changes can be made and the spreadsheet calculates all the related cells, alters and reprints them. Figures can be changed and the overall effect on the complete table can be seen immediately.

information Needs Essay -- Technology, The Internet, Information Syste

Information needs Now a day’s Within the revolution and challenging in information and communication knowledge and technologies, stream of information enormously increased ( Huotari,2001) .The Internet is a new channel for academic resources, and contains the massive amount of information. Also it is significant that the user is conscious of the diverse information that is available on the Internet, and educated in what measurable should be evaluated (Case, 2007 ) . The most important function of information system if to occupied and full filed the needs for document s and information needs for the users. Recently classification and Identification of information needs is essential to the developed the information systems in general and also to the provision of effective information services (Budzik , Hammond, Marlow, & Scheinkman ,1998) . such needs are related to the instructive behavior and such needs to improve the users knowledge to make a decision . Each customer and user have a different type of information need depending on what they are trying to find , If organizations can determine the most common information needs , they can select the best components to address those information needs(Case, 2007) . internet provides sources to seek and achieve information and appropriate the information needs in different stages of the search process (Bhatti ,2010) .The first step to recognize information needs is to approve different and new methods to collects and gather information on the various factors that influence the information needs (Werner , Horst, & Werner , 1997) In Today’s world , within rise of the Internet and technologies , users are more closer to search and find they needs ,and its s... .... However most of the site outlined several major problems associated with information needs within a low quality and low value in hospitality industry In the competitive marketplace in each industry, publishing the information can help to attract the customers and improve the profit for the organization developmental advances ,In addition to determine the power full organizations Identification of information needs is essential factor to design information systems and to the provision of effective information services to the customers and users ( Customer Information needs is affected by a selection of aspects such as: The variety of information sources that available on the web site ; Selected that which information’s have to used ,awareness about the customer and users and the visitors background, needs , and individuality such as social ,economical (

Probation officer Essay

Being a Probation Officer can be interesting and challenging at the same time. You can make a positive impact on one’s life. A Probation Officer’s main role is to make sure that those released into his care are properly rehabilitated and obey to the terms of their probation. The officer also educates those released on probation on what they can and can’t do during the probation period â€Å"Probation and parole can be very cost efficient. In 2010, Larry J. Siegel wrote a report stating that the U. S. spends about twenty five thousand dollars meanwhile probation only spends two thousand. The government saves twenty three thousand dollars by keeping inmates out of prison and keeps prisons from overcrowding. Dangerous criminals should be kept in prison instead of being let out and keeping minor offenders in. Probation helps offenders recover by allowing them to enter society with a different mindset. Probation helps offenders recover by allowing them to do such things as preserve employment, gain support and help from their loved ones and once again become a productive citizen. That can’t be done in jail. Most prisoners have drug addictions. Keeping them in doesn’t give them the help that they should be receiving. The offender being out and put on probation allows him to recover himself by taking part in a rehabilitation center. Cons: there is the issue of community safety. Many offenders present a risk to community safety, even if it’s because the person persists in the risky behaviors associated with alcohol or drug abuse. Setting any offender free poses somewhat of a risk, however slight. The courts, judges, defense and prosecuting attorneys and probation personnel weigh these risks and balance them with the best interests of the probationer and victim. Usually, probation personnel monitor high-risk offenders closely through home arrest or electronic monitoring. Then there is the problem of victim concerns. Victims vary widely as to their perspective and feelings regarding probation for their offenders. In some cases, they may quickly forgive the individual and even build a relationship with them. In other situations, they may petition the courts for harsh penalties. Probation allows the courts to monitor the defendant’s activities in the community while he works and repays any restitution that he or she owes his victims. Some victims, however, may care more about his punishment than reimbursement Many offenders need minimal rehabilitation in order to become productive members of society. Completing substance abuse treatment or community service hours can motivate offenders toward compliance with probation requirements. They can stay in the community; maintain family ties and work to contribute to their family. If these same offenders are sent to prison, they might become hardened and learn further criminal behavior, when they could have easily just remained supervised in society. Probation personnel can further monitor compliance with court terms and conditions. One of the primary reasons that traditional probation hasn’t been successful in rehabilitating offenders is much too often probationers are completely unsupervised. An offender on probation could simply fill out a one page report of their work activities and submit this to their probation officer by mail. Offenders that are part of traditional probation programs have a recidivism rate of 65%. That means only 35% of probationers don’t commit new offenses. Offenders are accommodated into halfway houses. This is where offenders have to follow strict rules like curfew. Counsellors and psychiatrists are on call 24 hours a day to help clients with adjusting to outside life and coping with problems if they occur. Probation officers have a large number of offenders and they have a difficult time supervising them closely. This is because there are not enough probation officers to supervise offenders properly. Probation officers have offenders mail in a form weekly or monthly and there is a checklist that an offender has to follow and answer, employment and any law infractions. Pros: Cons our stance we are on the pro side of both probation and parole, as we believe they can be greatly beneficial to both the community and the offenders whom are placed in these programs. Granted, not all cases are a success, but we believe that the criminal justice system would be a far worse place without probation and parole†. (Larry J. Siegel) A Probation Officer plays a key role in changing one’s ways that may not be suitable for the public’s view. The public sees these offenders as no good and thinks they should be removed from our communities and placed in confinement. Knowingly this may resolve the issue of one’s misbehavior for a short length of time but there are many more out their committing these same crimes. So what possibly should be done other than confining these offenders  for long or short periods of time, and in an eight by ten cell? Well, a rehabilitation program set up when the offenders is released. This rehabilitation program may also be enforced upon release from jail or prison depending on the offender’s circumstances. Rehabilitation comes in many different forms such as, drug and alcohol classes. A person committing a crime that involved the use of drugs and or alcohol would be required to attend these classes upon release from jail, for a period of thirty days, sessions or the judge’s discretion. There are such classes that revolve around anger management classes; this would assist an offender in learning how to deal with anger issues and present those ways to relieve one’s stress, anxiety, or just the urge to combat. Rehabilitation also involves community service. Such offenders would be required to sign up at a local agency (Caltrans), and on a daily basis be required to show up at a set time and clean-up the sides of freeways, underpasses, parks, and communities. This would be a way to assist an offender in being accepted back into his or her community. Becoming a Probation Officer, as of 1995 virtually every state has a Probation Officer program in place for young and old law offenders. The duties of Probation Officers vary from state to state. A Probation Officer will meet with the â€Å"offender† on a regular basis and will provide guidance to the offender that will help the offender make better decisions in life. In the hope the offender will conform to the laws. Other duties can include field work such as locating an offender who’s failed to report as agreed and also testifying in a court regarding the probation violation(s). A life as a Probation Officer will be interesting and challenging. Probation Officers must have a keen interest in both criminal justice enforcement and helping young and old law offenders. Being a Probation Officer requires performing several duties and putting in a great amount of time and energy. This career provides a unique opportunity to intervene in the lives of criminal offenders and provide an opportunity for reform. The career comes with safety risks, but many current officers relish the opportunity to make a difference in not only one’s life but a community as a whole. When it comes to the benefits of a Probation Officers career, one may think the benefits are gracious but in fact a probation officers pay can be quite low, about forty five thousand dollars a year on average. Not considerably bad for a starting salary and if just coming into the work force. These benefits may or may not increase over time but other benefits include medical, dental, vision and 401k plans. These other benefits can be seen as a great deal as well because one does need a career that will help them in a time of need. Other benefits one may see are the fact of being able to deal with various situations and scenarios on a day to day basis not to mention the thrill and risks waiting every day. Many want to know what it takes to become a probation officer. Well, you must be at least twenty years of age, have at least a bachelor’s degree on up to a master’s degree, depending on what probation role you are seeking. Some physical fitness also plays a role in this position; you want to be physically active with exercises, walking, jogging etc. This will assure the apprehension of an offender in the event he or she tries to run or fight. A background check will be conducted, you must pass. If all goes well and you are accepted for an interview, you will meet with the interviewing party and answer some question and also this is the time in which you also may ask questions that you seek answers to. You must pass the interview process sometimes more than one interview will be conducted. After acceptance you will have to drug test and pass. And on toward the career you have been seeking awaits you. Life as a probation officer can be stressful. This can affect a person’s life at work and home. The position requires dedication and time. You must be dedicated to the laws set forth by the people and willing to spend the time it takes to assure one’s attempt to being rehabilitated. A probation officer acts as a liaison between the courts orders to the offender and respond on the offenders behalf when the offender has either completed his or her court orders or the offender violates one or all the orders set forth by the court. These determinations will determine whether the offender is released from probation or determine that the offender cannot be rehabilitated at the time and needs to spend the rest of their time in incarceration. Anyone can become a probation officer so as long they want to help society’s not so best, become better and get rehabilitated. This position requires education, physical demand, and stress no doubt. There are some qualifications that must be met but the outcome is great. The benefits are awesome and most wouldn’t be disappointed. With this all being said you may now know whether or not a probation officer is the job for you. If Probation sounds like something you may be interested in, get information and ask questions. There is plenty more information to seek out. The career of a probation officer is not only rewarding and challenging, but comes with great benefits. If helping people is the answer to your future this position can be a great place to start. There are risks and opportunity that come with changing someone’s life whether they are young or old. Many probation officers relish the opportunity to change the lives of law offenders.

Hamlet’s Delay

Hamlet is one the most discussed dramas in English Literature. It has provoked the critics for four centuries to unravel the mystery behind Hamlet’s delay in taking revenge of his father’s death. His delay has attracted many literary critics to analyze and interpret the reasons for his inaction. The depth of characterization and the complexity of the plot have made the task of the critics more complex and complicated. A systematic analysis of the criticism helps the reader for a better understanding of the character of Hamlet, his inaction and apathy for life. Hamlet, one of the four great tragedies by William Shakespeare, is the longest and most popular. Hamlet’s delay in avenging his father’s murder, has led many to interpret Hamlet in different ways taking different approaches to demystify the dilemma in Hamlet’s mind. If ‘to be or not to be’ is the question that haunted Hamlet, it is ‘Hamlet’s undue delay’ that has troubled many readers for hundreds of years. Hamlet is an educated gentleman with refined views in an era of turbulent times when his family, state are threatened by forces that are totally beyond his control. His education has made him into a refined man making him distinctly philosophical. He addresses the questions of universal importance that have troubled many a philosopher. His preoccupation with these questions has only made him more wavering in his attitude and delayed his action. His quest for answers not only deferred his actions but also brought his doom closer to him. At first he is not convinced with the Ghost’s words and wants to have evidence. When he has got evidence, he doesn’t find moral justification for taking revenge. When an opportunity presents itself, he leaves it planning for a more serious punishment. Thus, the story gets prolonged until it comes to his tragic end. In fact, Hamlet could not reconcile with the idea of cold blooded murder as a justification for revenge. The very introduction of Hamlet is indicative of the nature of his character. He is introduced in the play still ‘wearing black mourning clothes’ (I. ii. 66). He was asked to ‘cast off his nightly color’ by his mother. Obviously he is gloomy and there is something in his mind that escapes a clear statement. It reflects his agonized and troubled mind unable to bear the grief of his father’s death and reconcile with the hasty marriage of her mother with King Claudius. He was totally devastated by his father’s death and completely betrayed by his mother’s marriage. Finding himself that ‘something is rotten in the ‘rotten state of Denmark, he contemplates suicide. His soliloquy on suicide raising questions of its moral validity sets the tone of the things that come later. (I. ii. 129–130) What we see in Hamlet is a perpetual conflict in his mind that made him literally insane though he pretends that purposefully. ‘To thine ownself be true’ is the guiding principle of his conscience in deciding ‘to be or not to be’ in the beginning, contemplating the merits and demerits of committing suicide. He feels himself helpless in finding himself in such a ruthless world and thus he laments: O! that this too too solid flesh would melt, Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew; Or that the Everlasting had not fixed His canon ‘gainst self-slaughter! O God! O God! How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable Seem to me all the uses of this world. (Act. I. Scene. I) Throughout the play we see how his world gets crumbled gradually making him more and more cynical and withdrawn. The most shocking thing for Hamlet is he could not bear the news of his mother marrying his uncle King Claudius in undue haste. It has totally unsettled his equilibrium. She married: — O, most wicked speed, to post With such dexterity to incestuous sheets! (Act. I. Scene. I) When he is down with depression and shock he is advised by King Hamlet’s Ghost to take revenge. In the darkness, the ghost speaks to Hamlet claiming to be his father’s spirit. It arouses the feelings of vengeance in Hamlet and to revenge his death, a â€Å"foul and most unnatural murder† (Act. I. v. 25). Hamlet was horrified at the sight of the Ghost and by knowing how his father was murdered by his uncle Claudius. At first he could not believe whether the Ghost was real. The message of the Ghost puts him in a dilemma, as it advises him to take revenge on Claudius and not to offend Gertrude and leave her to destiny and her conscience. Hamlet gets shocked and bewildered. He does not like to jump to the conclusion of taking immediate action. He wants to confirm it by his own method of getting enough evidence against King Claudius. To confirm what the King Hamlet’s Ghost has told Hamlet plans to show King Claudius a play which has close resemblance to the murder of King Hamlet. The play called â€Å"The Murder of Gonzago† was played causing King Claudius to react which logically concludes Hamlet’s suspicion. Once his suspicion is confirmed, he wants to proceed with his plans of putting an end to Claudius. Hamlet realizes his weak mind when he feels the intensity in the expression of the dialogues of the players when they were practicing. He resolves to take decisive action and plans a trap for Claudius. Hamlet is quite successful in trapping Claudius and getting evidence from the way Claudius reacts when he watches the drama and cries out at the crucial moment. It is rather Hamlet’s personal requirement to answer his conscience that he needs clear evidence to prove what King Hamlet’s Ghost has told him. It is the hallmark of Hamlet’s character that he does not jump to conclusion without enough proof. Hamlet’s education and sensitivity and general philosophical disposition must have made him seek for valid proof against the King Claudius. But what surprises everyone is he doesn’t take the chance to kill Claudius when an opportunity presents itself. Hamlet finds his own reasons in not taking the chance. He doesn’t like to allow his murderous uncle to go to Heaven by killing him when he is in prayer. So he leaves the opportunity which is considered by many the best chance. He reasons out that the murderer of his father does not deserve Heaven. This only delays his action further. According to Dover Wilson there is no delay in avenging the death of Hamlet’s father. He feels Hamlet has acted in time. According to E E Stoll, there is no delay; it is just a convention of the play. He is of the opinion that if there is no delay, there is no play at all. All these indicate that there is delay in taking revenge. Hamlet himself feels it and it is noteworthy that he has to be reminded by the Ghost again when he was furious with his mother Gertrude. These are proof enough to prove that revenge has been delayed. When the play itself is addressing the issue of delay, it is unreasonable to say that there is no delay. T. S. Eliot, the noted poet and critic considers Hamlet an artistic failure. He says: So far from being Shakespeare's masterpiece, the play is most certainly an artistic failure. In several ways the play is puzzling, and disquieting as is none of the others. Of all the plays it is the longest and is possibly the one on which Shakespeare spent most pains; and yet he has left in it superfluous and inconsistent scenes which even hasty revision should have noticed. (Eliot) He also feels that Hamlet is dominated by an emotion which is inexpressible and is in excess. Hamlet is unable to manage his own emotions as he could not find ‘objective correlative’ (Eliot). In other words, it is a set of objects, a situation, a chain of events which shall be the formula of that particular emotion. Explaining his theory, Eliot says: Hamlet is up against the difficulty that his disgust is occasioned by his mother, but that his mother is not an adequate equivalent for it; his disgust envelops and exceeds her. It is thus a feeling which he cannot understand; he cannot objectify it, and it therefore remains to poison life and obstruct action. (Eliot) In the article Hamlet's Thoughts and Antics, Margreta de Grazia observes that Shakespeare wanted to create a character that ‘thinks’ and showed it through Hamlet. Shakespeare produced a tragedy of inaction- a tragedy of thought. It is performance of thought-as inaction- as DELAY’. Margreta de Grazia) A. C. Bradley considered an authority on Shakespearean Tragedy, analyses the reasons for Hamlet’s delay in his famous lectures on Hamlet. His discussion on Hamlet attracted many with his convincing reasons. He does not find any external things as obstacles for his delay in taking revenge. Hamlet has access to the King and Hamlet never mentions abo ut any external barriers. Hence citing the external factors as the primary reason for the delay in action is totally nullified. Bradley does not accept Hamlet’s reason to justify his conscience as the main reason for the delay. Hamlet is unconsciously ambivalent about this duty; Bradley says â€Å"in the depths of his nature, and unknown to himself, there was a moral repulsion to the deed. â€Å"(Bradley) Goethe’s popular view of Hamlet as a graceful youth, sweet and sensitive, full of delicate sympathies is nothing but ‘sentimental’ according to Bradley. In the same way, Bradley disagrees to Coleridge’s view that Hamlet has ‘lost himself in the labyrinths of thought’. Bradley proposes that Hamlet delays because of his melancholy. Melancholy is not the usual state of Hamlet’s mind. It is a temporary depression at the sudden loss of his father. And the subsequent incidents will only ‘paralyze him in contempt for everything- the world, the flesh and himself. ’ He justifies it and proceeds further to show how this disgust at life and everything results in longing for death and inexpressible apathy. Hamlet does not understand his own inaction and apathy and curses himself in utter disappointment over his disinclination to take revenge. There is another strong argument claiming that there is no delay in taking revenge. During the presentation of the drama on the stage the spectators never realize Hamlet has delayed his action. The depiction of the inner struggle of the protagonist rather enhances the effect of the drama on the stage. It provides variety and takes the audience along with the hero to different emotional states and keeps them curious until the end. â€Å"This is Shakespeare’s most amusing play† says, Dr. Johnson. The play shows two more characters who want to take revenge of the death of their fathers. They offer a good contrast to Hamlet’s delay. Fortinbras and Laertes are unlike Hamlet. They are effective in their decision to take revenge and are very quick in their action. Shakespeare presents these two characters offering the spectators an opportunity to understand Hamlet in a different way. When the very purpose of the drama is to present the hero in that mode there is no argument regarding his delay in taking revenge. The argument that Hamlet is basically a coward can not be taken valid at all as there are many instances to show against it. He does not run away from the Ghost as cowards do. He does not escape from the challenges especially the duel between him and Laertes. The claim that Hamlet has a physical problem will only undermine his character. If there is a serious physical problem, then he becomes a good example for medical case study, and certainly does not deserve a place in literary criticism. The interpretation that he has a serious mental health problem will not stand given the depth and meaning of Hamlet’s soliloquies. In fact, the crucial point in the play is Hamlet himself feels guilty about his inability in taking timely action. He laments at the delay and attributes that to his lack of tenacity for action. He is on the search to know why he is not able to take revenge immediately. He is at a loss to express what represses him from taking revenge. Freudian school of psychology has interpreted Hamlet’s story from Oedipus complex point of view. Though the argument is persuasive, one can not subscribe to that point. Hamlet continues to be a puzzle and his delay can be interpreted in every possible way. The endless criticism on Hamlet reminds the lines of great Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore, who says â€Å"from the words of the poet, men take what meanings please them†. (Tagore) Every interpretation focuses a new aspect of Hamlet. It is worth exploring as it helps readers to have a better understanding of Hamlet’s dilemma.

Bull Sharks Essays

Bull Sharks Essays Bull Sharks Paper Bull Sharks Paper Staniels, L. K. and Facey, D. E. 8. Osmoregu;ation and Excretion. lt;www. cartage. org. lbgt;. Kennedy, J. About. com Guide. April 2010 lt;marinelife. about. comgt;. Marine Life. April 2010 lt;marinelife. about. comgt;. De Alessandro, M.. SHARKS The Perfect Predators. Sunnyside, Aukland Park: Jacana Media (Pty) Ltd, 2008. Marine Bio. April 2010 lt;marinebio. orggt;. Merriam-Websters Medical Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, Inc. Dictionary. com. 2007. April 2007 lt;dictionary. reference. comgt;. NOAA FISHERIES FACT SHEET. April 2010 lt;www. nmfs. noaa. govgt;. Pillans, R D. UQ eSpace. 2006. April 2010 lt;espace. library. uq. edu. augt;. Shark Attacks. April 2010 lt;www. bugbog. comgt;. Statistics Versus Myths. April 2010 lt;www. sharkattacks. comgt;. The case of the New Jersey Man-Eater. April 2010 lt;www. elasmo-research. orggt;.

3D Printing

How amazing would it be that everyone’s life could be saved, from needing a heart or needing an ear to have the ability to look and have a normal life? â€Å"Nearly 120,000 men, women and children currently need lifesaving organ transplants. †( Statistics | Donatelife) And the saddest thing is about â€Å"Every 10 minutes another name is added to the national organ transplant waiting list. †( Statistics | Donatelife) We are in need of organ donors, but not a lot of people want to donate their organs. Thanks to our new science we have new invited the 3D Printer. What is a 3D Printer? How does it work? What type of organs can it create? What is 3D printing? â€Å"3-D printing is a manufacturing process that builds layers to create a three-dimensional solid object from a digital model. †(3-D Printing) You might think this printer was something that was just now created in 2012 or 2013, but amazing the first 3D printer created was the one in 1985 and was given credit by Michael Feygen. â€Å"In the past, the cost of 3-D printing was expensive and the technology was only used by large corporations, but the development of desktop 3-D printers has made the technology more accessible to small and mid-sized businesses and home users. †(3-D Printing) What is cool about them now, is that they have been gifted with the right science to invite the 3D printer that can print out real working organs that can be transplant to people in need. How does it work, real organs for human transplants? â€Å"In two decades, 3-D printing has grown from a niche manufacturing process to a $2. 7-billion industry, responsible for the fabrication of all sorts of things: toys, wristwatches, airplane parts, food. Now scientists are working to apply similar 3-D–printing technology to the field of medicine, accelerating an equally dramatic change. But it’s much different, and much easier, to print with plastic, metal, or chocolate than to print with living cells. †(How 3-D Printing Body Parts Will Revolutionize Medicine) It might be easy creating these organs tissues for the human body, but unfortunately it is not as easy as you think it is. You cannot just randomly created a good 3D organ heart and expect for it to beat. â€Å"â€Å"For some tissues, even the simple ones, we don’t even know exactly what it takes to make the tissue behave like a real tissue,† says Lipson. â€Å"You can put the cells of a heart tissue in the right place together, but where’s the start button? †Ã¢â‚¬ (How 3-D Printing Body Parts Will Revolutionize Medicine) The way they prepare the stuff to make the tissue is can be a little confusing and time consuming. â€Å"They started by pipetting cells into petri dishes by hand. Then, led by Anthony Atala at the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, researchers began to seed those cells onto artificial scaffolds. Made from biodegradable polymers or collagen, the scaffolds provide a temporary matrix for cells to cling to until they’re robust enough to stand alone. †(How 3-D Printing Body Parts Will Revolutionize Medicine) In 1999 through 2001, Atala has been successful enough to have implanted the first grown lab organs into seven patients at the Boston Children’s Hospital saving their precious lives. What types of organs can it create? â€Å"In labs around the world, bioengineers have begun to print prototype body parts: heart valves, ears, artificial bone, joints, menisci, vascular tubes, and skin grafts. †(How 3-D Printing Body Parts Will Revolutionize Medicine) They are still being made today and maybe at this minute as you read this essay. Only a few have been implanted to real humans like the bladders that Atala has been successful to implant. As our technology and science improves, someday we will be able to replicate a whole human body and make it live life like a regular human. Having this 3D Printer since 1985 and improving from only being able to replicate tools to real working organs has changed our living styles. As the printer gets more science improvements and smarter; maybe later in the years, there could probably be more people surviving and not having to wait for a person to donate their original organs for their transplant. Just imagine the price it would probably be though, just to get 3D Printer Organs for a Transplant. Sooner or later, we will have the technology to give those people that are praying for an organ a chance of survival.

When should we trust our senses to give us truth Essay

When should we trust our senses to give us truth - Essay Example The hurdles are aplenty but the need is to remain steadfast so that truth could be discerned in the least possible time. The resources available at our disposal for finding out this truth are significant since these are the primary actors which play a quintessential role at making us understand what the truth is, if at all, we can come to know what it is, in the first place. Trusting our senses for gaining the ultimate truth that we seek is like trying to understand the very notion related with the ascertainment of truth. It is a difficult process to find out what actually goes behind the scenes as far as the truth building mechanisms is concerned. However one thing is for sure – truth only comes about when the time is right. This has to be backed up by the right series of events and changing time periods, all of which play a significant role in telling us the real truth – a subject upon which we base our paradigms of happiness, sorrow and hope. Trusting our different senses to provide us the truth is difficult to achieve because at times the picture in front of us looks gloomy and thus we are not able to properly comprehend the real meaning which is hidden behind the image. We interpret different things and that too of a complex nature. However the picture is straightforward and it is our lack of attention to detail which makes us go hayw ire during such discussions. Truth is merely the right ingredient of our understanding plus the manner in which we interpret the different series of events. Now if we understand what essentially truth is, we will also delve deep into how it has come about and what it will offer to us with the changing times – the most sought after details related with its attached impediments. Truth usually never comes alone. It has different issues underlying the presence of truth in essence and hence this truth becomes all the more difficult to comprehend once it is in sight of the people for which it is of paramount